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Breaking Barriers: Sanae Takaichi Ushers in a New Era of Japanese Leadership

Written and Researched By: Hannah Wan

Published By: Meredith Yuen

Published: 26 January 2026

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bbc.com (Uploaded October 21, 2025), Retrieved January 6, 2026

Japan's 'Iron Lady' arrives: Sanae Takaichi, the first female prime minister in modern history, vows to rewrite a male-dominated legacy. From Nara roots to toppling Ishiba's shaky coalition, her 2025 ascent echoes global firsts like Thatcher, but in a culture of rigid norms; now she pushes political reforms to Nordic-level female representation amid her nationalist agenda

Who is she?

Sanae Takaichi, born March 7, 1961, in the Nara Prefecture, graduated from the University of Tokyo and worked as a TV announcer for NHK before entering politics. She won her first House of Representatives seat in 2005 and built the reputation as Shinzo Abe’s protégé, focusing on national security and traditional values. In notable positions, she served as Minister of Economic Security in 2022-2023, Internal Affairs in 2014-2016, and others, but she was known for Yasukuni Shrine visits and pushing constitutional reform.

 

Takaichi triumphed in the October 2025 party vote after Shigeru Ishiba’s snap election losses, edging out moderates like Yoko Kamikawa. When Komeito ended the alliance over policy rifts, she partnered with the Japan Innovation Party to secure a parliamentary majority. Currently, her focus is on addressing inflation, defending spending hikes, and U.S. ties, particularly in light of President Trump's recent comments on bolstering politics through diversity. 

 

But who was it before her? 

Shigeru Ishiba served as Japan’s prime minister before Sanae Takaichi. He held office from October 1, 2024, to October 21, 2025, a tenure marked by political turbulence. Born February 4, 1957, Ishiba has represented Tottori in the House of Representatives since 1996. Previously, she served as defense minister, agriculture minister, and Liberal Democratic Party secretary-general. He won the LDP (Liberal Democratic Party) presidency on September 27, 2024, defeating Takaichi in a runoff after Fumio Kishida’s exit amid scandals, then called a snap Lower House election on October 27, 2024, where LDP-Komeito lost the majority, forming a minority government. He was reelected Prime Minister on November 11, 2024, with 221 votes against the opposition. The LDP coalition later lost the Upper House majority on July 20, 2025, and after negotiating a U.S.-Japan trade deal by early September 2025, Ishiba resigned on September 7 under party pressure from figures like Suga and Koizumi, triggering the LDP election won by Takaichi, who succeeded him.

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japantimes.co  (Uploaded November 10, 2025), Retrieved January 6, 2026

What has she said she would do?

Sanae Takaichi outlined key policy pledges during her 2025 LDP leadership campaign and early premiership to tackle Japan's economic woes, security challenges, and social issues. Under her “Sanenomics” banner, she promised income tax cuts, cash payouts to families, doubled economy via public spending, targeted tax credits, nuclear restarts, food consumption tax elimination for two years, and reduced Bank of Japan autonomy for expansionary fiscal policy. On security and defense, she vowed to raise military spending to 2% of GDP, revise security documents by the end of 2026, restrict foreign real estate/investment near defenses, enact spy-prevention law, and strengthen the U.S.-Japan alliance plus Indo-Pacific ties. As for social reforms, she aimed to boost women in politics to Nordic levels, offer family tax deductions for child care, offer corporate breaks for in-house daycare, and impose tougher measures on immigrants via visa denials for unpaid health insurance. Some of her other priorities included combating inflation and stagnant wages, overhauling social security, ending the gasoline levy, and reforming politics for strength and prosperity amid demographic decline.

 

What action has been taken thus far?

Takaichi has taken concrete steps since becoming Japan’s prime minister in October 2025, focusing on economic relief, security, and diplomacy as of early 2026. She passed a supplementary budget in late 2025 to combat rising prices, advanced the fiscal 2026 budget proposal with over 50 trillion yen in public-private investments for growth, and launched a national conference on tax and social security reforms, seeking opposition. Takaichi also responded to North Korean missile launches with instructions on January 4, 2026, and pursued defense enhancements amid regional tensions. She had the chance to hold a summit phone talk with U.S. on January 2, 2026, President Trump handled tensions with China following remarks made on Taiwan, which sparked a diplomatic crisis. She has pledged “fearless” changes in New Year’s messages, maintaining high approval ratings while managing razor-thin parliamentary majorities with the Japan Innovation Party. 


 

What are her plans for the future?

Sanae Takaichi has outlined ambitious plans for 2026 to strengthen Japan economically, militarily, and diplomatically, building on her campaign pledges and recent statements. She pushed fiscal 2026 budget approval with over 50 trillion yen in public-private investments for a 160 trillion yen economic impact, launched a national conference in January on tax and social security reforms with opposition input, expanded education free of charge from April, raise income thresholds, cut income taxes, and promoted a "virtuous cycle of investment and growth”. On defense and security, she plans to accelerate defense buildup including spy-prevention law submission to Diet, enhance diplomacy with the U.S. via an early 2026 Trump summit, and cooperate across parties on security while advancing constitutional reform and imperial family issues. For social and disaster preparation, she intends to implement a 3.6 trillion yen child strategy with universal childcare access, corporate incentives for daycare, reduced burdens on low- and middle-income earners, and bolstered disaster readiness for the Nankai Trough earthquake via regional prevention and rapid aid. Politically, she seeks to solidify the coalition with the Japan Innovation Party and pursue cross-party talks on parliamentary seat cuts and other urgent reforms without delay. 


 

What are some criticisms she has faced?

Sanae Takaichi faces significant criticisms, primarily for her hawkish foreign policy stances, evasive responses in parliament, and aggressive economic approach. She drew sharp backlash for suggesting that a Chinese attack on Taiwan could trigger Japan's "survival-threatening situation" defense clause and was accused of evading clarifications in Diet sessions, fueling chaos and international condemnation from China, which responded with trade curbs and travel warnings. She is also criticized for lacking moderating voices around her after Komeito left the coalition, with opponents arguing that her circle of hardliners risks unchecked diplomacy toward China and South Korea and weak consensus-building compared with Shinzo Abe. Her expansionary spending and record budgets have been attacked as undermining fiscal discipline, while some within the LDP reportedly hesitate to voice opposition because of her popularity. In addition, her nationalist views, including Yasukuni Shrine visits, calls to review Japan’s non-nuclear principles, and a strongly pro-Taiwan stance, are seen by critics as militaristic and as interfering in China’s internal affairs.

 

 

 

Sources:

 

Japan’s Takaichi strongly criticized in Diet meeting over evasiveness on Taiwan. (2025). News.cn. https://english.news.cn/asiapacific/20251217/4ae6ae1c365844baa3721258bb43906b/c.html 

 

https://www.facebook.com/themainichi. (2026, January 6). Editorial: Japan PM Takaichi must face tough domestic, global challenges - The Mainichi. The Mainichi. https://mainichi.jp/english/articles/20260106/p2a/00m/0op/006000c 

 

‌Khalil, S. (2025, October 21). Sanae Takaichi makes history as Japan’s first female prime minister. https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c751z23n3n7o 

 

‌Hernández, J. C. (2025, October 21). Sanae Takaichi is Japan’s New Prime Minister, and She’s a Heavy Metal Drummer. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2025/10/21/world/asia/sanae-takaichi-japan-prime-minister.html 

 

‌Yeung, J., & Montgomery, H. (2025, October 21). Hardline conservative Sanae Takaichi elected Japan’s first female leader. CNN. https://www.cnn.com/2025/10/20/asia/japan-female-prime-minister-sanae-takaichi-intl-hnk 

 

‌Wikipedia Contributors. (2024, December 7). Shigeru Ishiba. Wikipedia; Wikimedia Foundation. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shigeru_Ishiba 

 

‌Govella, K., Szechenyi, N., & Nakano, Y. (2025). Japanese Prime Minister Ishiba Steps Down. Csis.org. https://www.csis.org/analysis/japanese-prime-minister-ishiba-steps-down 

 

‌Strategic Shift from PM Abe to PM Ishiba: Will Japan’s Strategy Change? (2025, August 28). Pf.org.tw; 出版組. https://www.pf.org.tw/tw/pfch/13-11500.html 

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